What Are Dental Prostheses?

Dental Prosthesis

Dental prostheses are vital solutions for addressing tooth loss. Despite diligent oral and dental care, various issues can arise that lead to significant problems such as tooth loss. When conventional treatments fail to restore oral health, dental prostheses become necessary to replace missing teeth and restore functionality and aesthetics.

How Are Dental Prostheses Made?

The creation of dental prostheses involves several steps and the use of high-quality materials, typically porcelain or acrylic. The process begins with a comprehensive examination of the patient. This includes checking for sharp bone protrusions, broken tooth roots, and the condition of the palate and remaining teeth, especially in patients who have undergone extractions. If necessary, the dentist may take X-rays to get a complete picture of the oral structure.

Examination and Measurement

The initial examination is critical for identifying any underlying issues that could affect the fit and function of the prosthesis. Once the examination is complete, precise measurements of the upper and lower jaws are taken. These measurements are essential for ensuring a proper fit and include evaluating the alignment and connection between the jaws. Typically, measurements are taken in a single session using advanced techniques to create a three-dimensional model of the patient’s teeth and oral cavity.

Creating the Prosthesis

The next step involves creating a model based on these measurements. During this phase, important details such as the midline of the teeth and the patient’s smile line are considered to ensure a natural and aesthetically pleasing appearance. Choosing the appropriate color for the prosthesis is crucial, as it must blend seamlessly with the patient’s natural teeth.

Fitting and Adjustment

After the prosthesis is crafted, a fitting session is conducted to ensure it aligns correctly with the patient’s oral structure. Any discomfort or misalignment can be addressed through adjustments. This step is vital to guarantee that the prosthesis functions properly and provides comfort to the patient. If no issues are detected, the final dental prosthesis is placed. However, adjustments can be made if the patient experiences any discomfort or notices any discrepancies.

Types of Dental Prostheses

Dental prostheses come in various forms, each designed to meet the specific needs and preferences of the patient. They are broadly classified into three main categories: fixed, removable, and implant-supported prostheses.

Fixed Dental Prostheses

Fixed prostheses are permanently cemented into the mouth and cannot be removed by the patient. These are typically used to replace single or multiple missing teeth. Examples include crowns and bridges, which are designed to provide a stable and long-lasting solution for tooth loss.

Removable Dental Prostheses

Also known as dentures, removable prostheses can be taken out and cleaned daily by the patient. These prostheses are used to restore chewing and speaking functions and to enhance the patient’s appearance. They come in several types:

• Complete Dentures: Applied when there are no natural teeth remaining in the mouth, complete dentures are supported by the jawbone and are commonly chosen by older individuals.
• Partial Dentures: Designed for patients who still have some natural teeth, partial dentures provide replacements for missing teeth and can be removed for cleaning. They are typically made from acrylic or cast metal and are attached to the remaining teeth with clasps.
• Immediate Dentures: These are placed immediately after the extraction of teeth, serving as replacements during the healing period. Immediate dentures help maintain aesthetics and function while the gums heal.
• Overdentures: Fitting over remaining natural teeth or roots, overdentures provide added stability and retention. They are less commonly used but can be an effective solution for some patients.

Implant-Supported Prostheses

Implant-supported prostheses offer a modern and reliable solution for tooth loss. These can be either fixed or removable:

• Fixed Implant-Supported Prostheses: These include options like porcelain crowns that are permanently attached to dental implants, providing a stable and natural-looking replacement for missing teeth.
• Removable Implant-Supported Prostheses: Similar to total prostheses, these are designed for patients with no remaining natural teeth but are supported by dental implants for added stability.

How Are Dental Prostheses Attached?

Proper attachment of dental prostheses, especially removable types, is crucial for their functionality and comfort. Using appropriate dental adhesives ensures that the prostheses stay in place during daily activities like eating and speaking. However, it’s essential to follow the dentist’s recommendations regarding the best products to use.

Daily care and maintenance of dental prostheses are equally important. Regular cleaning and proper hygiene practices help prevent complications and ensure the longevity of the prostheses. Patients should brush their prostheses daily and follow any additional care instructions provided by their dentist.

For more detailed information on dental prostheses and their benefits, consider visiting WebMD or the American Dental Association. These resources provide comprehensive insights into the types, care, and advantages of dental prostheses.